Gum disease is a bacterial infection that attacks gum tissue and the bone that secures the teeth in place. In its early stages, periodontal disease is known as gingivitis and is often asymptomatic. However, if you are experiencing red, swollen or shiny gums, bad breath or bleeding when brushing or flossing you may have gingivitis or periodontal disease. Gingivitis is a treatable condition that can be reversed, however as it develops the bacteria begins to attack surrounding ligaments and bone. This stage is known as periodontitis. Although it cannot be reversed it can effectively be treated to prevent further spreading.